62 year old female correctly diagnosed over 15 years ago with pelvic congestion syndrome (PCS). The patient was offered a hysterectomy which is not the first line of treatment for this condition. She declined. The patient was identified by her chiropractor as have PCS and was referred for treatment. In this patient, the primary cause of PCS was compression of the left renal vein which, when asymptomatic, is referred to Nutcracker Phenomena. In addition, the patient had findings of iliac vein compression. This patient is interesting as the decision making for best treatment options is complex.
Endovascular therapy of external iliac and common femoral artery occlusion with 31 month follow up
Unusual cause of extremity pain in a diabetic patients
Recurrent left testicular pain after inadequate embolization of the proximal left testicular vein